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The Power Of History – The History Of Power. Volume 8. Issue 7. № 41. 2022

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Content

 
NATIONAL HISTORY
  
Zabbarova L.M., Tuhvatullin A.H. To the question of the features of the migration processes of the Tatars in the Urals and the Southern Urals in the 18th century
12
Jazaeva I.A.-A., Bolurova A.N. The history of social thought in Russia in the second half of the XIX century
 19
Kudzieva S.O. The social direction of the policy of the party-Soviet authorities of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the first years of the Great Patriotic War
 24
Zaitseva E.A. Transformation of Russian patriotism in the XX-XXI century
 32
Jazaeva I.A.-A., Kunacheva F.G. History of the evolution of the Russian political elite
 39
 
THE WORLD HISTORY
  
Ziyaev A.A. Pre-conscription military training of students in civilian educational institutions of the Uzbek SSR during the Great Patriotic War
 45
Biryukov S.V. Erdogan’s Turkey: revision of the legacy of Kemalist Republicanism and its basic principles
 53
Alipa V.N., Ternovaya L.O. Youth: the path to the future through a return to the past
 69
 
ETHNOGRAPHY, ETHNOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY
  
Iliasov L.M. To the question of the specifics of the funeral rites of the North Caucasian archaeological culture of the Middle Bronze Age
 80
Smirnov S.V. A brief overview of some inventions of scientists of Antiquity and the Middle ages who contributed to the science of construction and automated control of mechanisms
 92
 
HISTORIOGRAPHY, SOURCE STUDIES, METHODS OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH
  
Kubanova A.K., Gerbekova L.B. Socio-psychological aspects influencing the internal picture of the patient’s illness
108
Uzdenova B.Kh., Aibazova M.B., Shamanova D.M. Influence of competence model of an engineering graduate on professional training of specialists
113
 
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
  
Gatin M.I. Bill Clinton Administration’s policy towards Cuba
118
Shchuplenkov O.V., Shchuplenkov N.O. Russia and ASEAN: the Great Eurasian Partnership
126
 
Abstracts
 
141
Authors
147
 

  

EDITORIAL BOARD
Deputy. Chief Editor and Project Manager: 
Rybakov S.V., Doctor of historical sciences, professor of the history of Russian Ural Federal University.
 
Mikhailov V.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Honored worker of science of Russia, Head of the Department of political analysis and management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Ternovaya L.O., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor MADI (The Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University).
Ivakin G.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Expert.
Dolgenko A.N., Doctor of Philology. Head of the Department of Russian and Foreign Languages at the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation.
Naumova G.R., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Nikonov A.V., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, State Councellor of the 1st class, the Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Nechiporenko V.S., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Ponomarenko B.T., Honoured worker of higher education, Professor of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Letunovsky P.V., Doctor of Political Sciences, Candidate of Historical Sciences, head of the department of Humanitarian, Social and Economic Disciplines of the Russian Federation Armed Forces Army Air Defense Military Academy named after the Marshal of the A.M. Vassilevsky Soviet Union.
Varsonofiev V.V., Candidate of Political Science, Military expert.
Chapkin S.V., Honorary Academician, President of the “Academy of Ecology and Law”.
Kondratyev V.V., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Center for retraining and advanced training of universities IDPO FGBOU "KNITU" (Kazan National Research Technological University).
Boltenkova L.F., Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor.
Ignatov I.S., Candidate of Political Sciences, senior advisor of justice.
Vrajnova M.N., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University (MADI).
Tihonov A.K., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History, Archeology and Local History of the Humanitarian Institute of the Vladimir State University, chairman of the Union of Local History of the Vladimir region.
Konuchenko A.I., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of History of Russia and foreign countries of Chelyabinsk State University.
Honali Kurbonzoda, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Rector of the «National Institute of professional development and training of educators».
Platonova N.M., Doctor of Historical Sciences. Associate Professor of the Department “Theory and History of State and Law” of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Far Eastern State University of Communications” (Khabarovsk).
Klimenko D.A., Candidate of Philology, specialist in Italy.
Nagornova E.V., PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages at the Institute of Foreign Languages of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Nikashina N.V., PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Institute of Foreign Languages, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Nenarokova M.R., Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Institute of Foreign Languages, RUDN University, Leading Researcher, Department of Classical Literature of the West and Comparative Literature. Institute of World Literature RAN. Interpreter/Translator.

 

 

Abstracts
Zabbarova L.M.
Tuhvatullin A.H.
To the question of the features of the migration processes of the Tatars in the Urals and the Southern Urals in the 18th century
Migration processes in the Urals and the Southern Urals are considered, the factors of demographic growth in the 18th centuries are analyzed, on active interaction and interpenetration of peoples.
Key words: migration processes, multi-ethnicity, ethnogenesis, demography.
 
Jazaeva I.A.-A.
Bolurova A.N.
The history of social thought in Russia in the second half of the XIX century
For the second half of the XIX century in Russia, a variety of ideological approaches were presented among the intelligent stratum, which can be classified in a certain way. In the perspective of the development of historical thought, the ideological beliefs, ethical and civic positions of the leading scientists of the Russian school of universal history are considered.
Key words: conservative modernization, Russian liberal ideology, radicalism, socialism.
 
Kudzieva S.O.
The social direction of the policy of the party-Soviet authorities of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the first years of the Great Patriotic War
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, the government of the Soviet Union had to take and implement measures to restructure the peaceful economy on a war footing in the shortest possible time under extreme conditions. Such changes in the economy led to changes in other social spheres, including the social one.
This article discusses the implementation of the social policy of the state on the territory of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic during the Great Patriotic War.
The goal is to identify the effectiveness of the social policy of local authorities during the war.
Research methods used in the work: historical-comparative and statistical.
According to archival materials, the party and Soviet authorities were able to transfer the region's economy to a military footing, prevent panic among the population, provide both the local population and the evacuees with everything they need during the Great Patriotic War.
Key words: social policy, SOASSR, State Defense Committee, Ordzhonikidze (Vladikavkaz) Defense Committee.
 
Zaitseva E.A.
Transformation of Russian patriotism in the XX-XXI century
The article attempts to explore the general ideological factors that determine the past, present and future development of our country. In modern historical conditions, there is no task more important than the task of forming a new ideology.
Key words: fascism, communism, liberalism, patriotism, official nationality theory, imperial ideology, Soviet ideology.
 
Jazaeva I.A.-A.
Kunacheva F.G.
History of the evolution of the Russian political elite
The formation of a new model of the political elite went through several stages. The periodization of the evolution of the Russian political elite is based on its qualitative characteristics, which allow the political elite to personify and develop, express and embody the depths of the eternal national interest, reflect the traditional national consciousness, reflecting the unity of the past, present and future of the nation as a kind of organic integrity.
Key words: evolution of the political elite, recruitment, effectiveness of the political elite.
 
Ziyaev A.A.
Pre-conscription military training of students in civilian educational institutions of the Uzbek SSR during the Great Patriotic War
During the Great Patriotic War, the general system of pre-conscription military training of education and upbringing of students in schools, technical schools and higher educational institutions was carried out according to the programs of the NGO of the USSR, which affected the improvement of the pre-conscription generation in the issue of preparing them for military service.
The purpose of military training of students is to educate the younger generation in the spirit of selfless love for the Motherland and devotion to the Soviet government, to prepare disciplinary, physically strong and hardy young men who have mastered military affairs in the scope of the reduced program, as well as girls to perform the duties of sanitary vigilantes, radio operators, telephone operators and telegraph operators.
The article presents a number of events that took place in the Uzbek SSR during the Great Patriotic War, where the issues of pre-conscription military training of students in civilian educational institutions of the country in a high patriotic spirit are touched upon. Their preparation and quality of training for the upcoming conscription into the Soviet army.
Key words: pre-conscription military training, party organizations, military commissariats, people's commissariat bodies, military-physical training, general education, city and district military enlistment offices.
 
Biryukov S.V.
Erdogan's Turkey: revision of the legacy of Kemalist Republicanism and its basic principles
Modern Turkey is a country going through a complex process of rethinking and transforming Kemal Ataturk's political legacy in both domestic and foreign policy. The political course of the current President Tayyip Recep Erdogan, who has actually been in power since 2002, which is characterized by many researchers as neo-ottomanist (in foreign policy) and neo-sultanist (in domestic policy), implies the rejection of a number of kemalist attitudes (including on the issue of the relationship between the state and the Muslim religion) and traditions while formally maintaining loyalty to republican institutions. President Erdogan's political strategy requires a comprehensive analysis in the context of the changes taking place in the modern world. In turn, the study of the nature and scale of the transformations taking place in Turkish politics, the assessment of their possible consequences for the future fate of the modern Turkish state is an important research task.
Subject. Modern transformations in Turkish politics in the context of the strategies implemented by President Tayyip Recep Erdogan. Problem. The main problem considered by the author of the article is the predictability of Turkish politics in the context of modern challenges and diverse political initiatives implemented by the current leadership of Turkey in today's increasingly complex global political situation.
Puzzle. The main puzzle considered by the author of the article is the predictability of Turkish politics in the context of modern challenges and diverse political initiatives implemented by the current leadership of Turkey in today's increasingly complex global political situation.
Goals. The study of the peculiarities of the political course of Recep Erdogan's Tayp in the context of the revision of the political principles of Kemalism.
Methodology. In the course of the research, the author used methods of historical, systemic, structural-functional and comparative analysis.
Results. The political transformations initiated and implemented while in power in Turkey have led to contradictory and ambiguous domestic and foreign policy results. The ability of the current Turkish government to cope with the challenges of increasing complexity (as well as with the challenges of increasing domestic political tension), coupled with increasing foreign policy risks, can be assessed in the framework of an additional, more in-depth and specialized study.
Hypothesis. Modern Turkey, thanks to the changes initiated by the current leadership of the country in domestic and foreign policy, is at a kind of bifurcation point – when an effective solution to problems that constantly assert themselves requires not the preservation of the political status quo, but changes in the principles of functioning of the existing political system, the manageability of which is not guaranteed in modern conditions.
Key words: Turkey, Tayyip Recep Erdogan, Kemalism, neo-ottomanism, neo-sultanism, Islam and politics, reforms.
 
Alipa V.N.
Ternovaya L.O.
Youth: the path to the future through a return to the past
The article deals with such complexity of the implementation of the state youth policy, which researchers practically do not pay attention to. These difficulties are caused by the presence of poorly formed images of the future in young people, which contain traces of a wide variety of social phobias, formed due to real economic, political or spiritual and moral problems of our time. At the same time, these phobias are frightening because they can be broadcast into the future, and avoiding their impact is possible in the past. This path involves different options for social reversion, analyzed in the article.
Key words: history, future, past, youth, youth policy.
 
Iliasov L.M.
To the question of the specifics of the funeral rites of the North Caucasian archaeological culture of the Middle Bronze Age
The article is devoted to the specifics of funeral rituals in the North Caucasus in the Middle Bronze Age. It notes that the North Caucasian culture of the Middle Bronze Age is represented mostly by funerary monuments, and the main identifying indicators of it are the ritual and burial inventory.
The author considers the culture of the Middle Bronze Age of the North Caucasus as a single culture that was widespread in the mountainous and foothill parts of the region at the end of the 3rd millennium - at the end of the 2nd millennium BC, and explains the presence of local variants by various substrate bases (Maikop and Kuro- Arax archaeological cultures), as well as the influence of the steppe cultures of Ciscaucasia.
At an early stage in the development of the North Caucasian culture, changes occur in burial traditions (a change in the position of the skeleton, the appearance of new materials in the inventory, a certain degradation of material culture compared to the previous cultures of the Early Bronze Age), which eventually form the typology of a new culture of the Middle Bronze Age.
During the heyday of the entire territory of the North Caucasian culture, certain types of burial structures, inventory (ceramics, metal products) were formed, which, despite some local features, have common features that allow them to be combined into a single culture.
By the end of the II millennium BC. local differences in material culture and funeral rites are intensifying among the North Caucasian tribes of the Middle Bronze Age in various regions of the North Caucasus. On their basis, in the bowels of the old culture, the features of new archaeological cultures are born in the western and eastern parts of the region, primarily in the Kuban and Koban.
Key words: North Caucasian archaeological culture, Middle Bronze Age of the North Caucasus, funeral rites, burial structures, burial inventory, cult sculpture, religious cults.
 
Smirnov S.V.
A brief overview of some inventions of scientists of Antiquity and the Middle ages who contributed to the science of construction and automated control of mechanisms
The paper presents a partial review of the inventions of ancient and medieval scientists in the field of control theory (mechanisms). The first part of the article examines the works of Archimedes, Ctesibius and Heron. A brief arrangement of mechanisms and the principle of their actions are presented: Archimedes' screw («Archimedes' snail») worm gear, connecting pulley, Archimedes' claw (iron hand), igniting mirrors, hydraulic organ, piston pump, «fire pump from Alexandria», water clock (clepsydra), automatic doors, rapid-firing self-loading crossbow, odometer, automatic puppet theater. Some scientific works of these scientists are also considered: «Metric», «On diopter», etc.
In the second part, scientific ideas and their material embodiment by scientists of the High Middle Ages are considered (Nasir ad-Din Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Muhammad Tusi, Nikolai (Nicole) Orem, Jordan Nemorarius, Leonardo da Vinci), who left their inventions, which were the foundation for the future improvement of the construction and automatic control (mechanisms). Such scientific works as: «A book about heaven and the world», «A treatise on the configuration of qualities», «On the origin, essence and circulation of money», «On the elements of arithmetic art», «Elements of evidence relating to weights», etc. are considered.. In addition, the improvement of the teaching of the mechanics-naturalists Buridan and Albert of Saxony about impetus is considered, and a list of the main inventions of Leonardo da Vinci is also given.
Key words: control theory, invention, mechanisms, screw, antique, technical, High Middle Ages era, mechanisms, mechanics, kinematics, scientist, treatise, invention.
 
Kubanova A.K.
Gerbekova L.B.
Socio-psychological aspects influencing the internal picture of the patient's illness
This topic is one of the topical issues of medical psychology, since not only the objective data of the patient affect the picture of the disease, but also his subjective attitude plays an important role in the course of the disease.
This paper discusses the socio-psychological aspects that affect the internal picture of the patient's illness and include age characteristics, temperament, and professional status.
Key words: study, patient, disease, aspects, influence, analysis, diagnosis.
 
Uzdenova B.Kh.
Aibazova M.B.
Shamanova D.M.
Influence of competence model of an engineering graduate on professional training of specialists
Strengthening the orientation of an educational institution to the changed conditions of life in modern society and, in particular, the sphere of work, is associated with the transformation of teaching methods and the inclusion of key competencies in educational goals. The acquisition of competencies is based on the practical experience and activities of the learner himself. The totality of competencies established by the undergraduate program should provide the graduate with the ability to carry out professional activities and solve its problems in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education.
Key words: competence, bachelor's degree, universal competences, general professional competences, professional competences, competence.
 
Gatin M.I.
Bill Clinton Administration’s policy towards Cuba
The article is dedicated to president Bill Clinton administration’s (1993-2001) policy towards Cuba. In the context of this particular subject the following aspects are examined: US sanctions and diplomatic pressure, immigration policy towards Cubans, as well as American legislature in respective fields. In this article special attention is paid to activities of Cuban-American National Fund which were aimed at tightening Washington policy towards Cuba with an ultimate goal of overthrowing Fidel Castro’s regime.
Key words: Bill Clinton, Jorge Mas Canosa, Elian Gonzalez, «wet feet, dry feet» policy, balseros, Helms-Burton Act, Cuban-American National Fund (CANF).
 
Shchuplenkov O.V.
Shchuplenkov N.O.
Russia and ASEAN: the Great Eurasian Partnership
The article analyzes the economic cooperation of some Southeast Asian countries (Myanmar, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore) for the development of relations between Russia and ASEAN. The authors consider the trends of modern economic relations: the degree of expression of interest in the cooperation of subjects of international foreign economic relations, the modalities of multilateral economic dialogue and the existence of prerequisites for the implementation of economic relations in the long term. Considering the cooperation between Russia and ASEAN through the prism of the formation of relations of economic strategic partnership, the authors systematize the reasons for the low dynamics of the development of economic cooperation and its most likely future directions, starting from the mutual influence of the perspective plans of the parties and the emerging global context of their dialogue.
Key words: Greater Eurasia, Russia, ASEAN, cooperation, foreign policy, import, international relations, economic cooperation, export.
 
 
 
Authors
Alipa V.N., Vice-Rector for Relations with the CIS Countries. Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University.
Biryukov S.V., Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Senior Researcher at the Center for the Study of Russia of the East China Pedagogical University (Shanghai, China), Professor of the Department of Social Anthropology and Intercultural Communications of the Siberian Institute of Management of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. (Novosibirsk), Professor of the Department of Political Science of TSU (Tomsk), Professor of the Department of History of KemSMU (Kemerovo).
Bolurova A.N., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian History, Karachay-Cherkess State University named after U.D. Aliyev.
Gatin M.I., Postgraduate of History department of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Gerbekova L.B., 4th year student, specialty. North Caucasian State Academy.
Iliasov L.M., Candidate of Philology. Doctoral student. Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Science.
Jazaeva I.A.-A., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities, North Caucasus State Academy.
Kubanova A.K., Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian Disciplines. North Caucasian State Academy.
Kunacheva F.G., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History of Russia. Karachay-Cherkess State University named after U.D. Aliyev.
Kudzieva S.O., Graduate student of the faculty of History of the North Ossetian University.
Shamanova D.M., 4th year student. North Caucasian State Academy.
Shchuplenkov N.O., Associate Professor of history, law and social sciences, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute.
Shchuplenkov O.V., Associate Professor of history, law and social sciences, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute.
Smirnov S.V., Candidate of Technical Sciences, Institute of Control Problems, Senior Researcher.
Ternovaya L.O., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor. Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University.
Tuhvatullin A.H., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Kazan Federal University.
Uzdenova B.Kh., Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Informatics. North Caucasian State Academy.
Zabbarova L.M., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Social and Humanitarian Disciplines. Russian State University of Justice, Kazan.
Zaitseva E.A., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Insurance of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Ziyaev A.A., Researcher of Research Institute (military history) of the Military Academy of the General Staff.