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The Power Of History – The History Of Power. Volume 11. Issue 1. № 59. 2025

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PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES, LINGUISTICS
Kosyreva M.S., Murashko S.F., Rudakova S.V. Typological features of neologisms of the coronavirus era
12
Juraeva M.R., Usmonova M.N. Theoretical views on sociocultural and communicative-strategic analysis of politeness in Tajik and English speech etiquette
20
Bogoslovskaya V.R., Kosyreva M.S., Lytkina O.I. Problems of expressing the category of negation in language
31
Antipova A.A. Toponyms of the USA as a historical and cultural memory of Russian sailors and explorers (using the example of the state of California)
37
Vishnyagova E.P. Multimodal metaphor in english advertising discourse
43
Zafarova Z.A. The use of participle “ii” in perfect forms of the verb and their Tajik equivalents
52
Mirzabekova A.A., Abramtseva E.G. Multimodal approach to teaching English in higher education: the potential of using Ted Talks
62
Perepelitsyna Y.R., Sedunova N.A., Demchenko N.A. Grammatical correctness of professional speech of the ministry of internal affairs officer: morphological and syntactic norms
72
Usmonova M.N. Comparative analysis of means of speech etiquette expressions in English and Tajik (on the example of greetings and farewells)
81
Chen Niyu Genre transformation in the process of digitalization of the international version of “China daily”: a comparative analysis of traditional and new media formats
88
 
ACTUAL QUESTIONS OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES
  
Ryabova E.L., Ternovaya L.O. Handshakes and their historical meaning
 96
Ivantsov I.G., Voinov A.Y., Borsuk A.A. Forge of cadres – North Caucasian regional the party school. 1931-1932
 105
Zuev A.V. The imperial society for the promotion of Russian merchant shipping and its activities (1873-1917)
 113
Kamardina N.V., Yanitsky D.V. Activities of the Kamchatka branch of the Knowledge Society at the formation stage (1949–1953)
 121
Kirillova A.I. Development of ethnic consciousness and self-consciousness of the Bystrinsky evens in the 20th century
 130
Kun Weizhan Key points of self-identification in mixed Russian-Chinese families
 138
Orlov E.I. The Norfolk rebellion of 1549
 144
Perelygin A.Yu. On the development of science and it’s role for fire fighting in the Enisey province from the end of 19th till beginning of 20th century
 151
Ryndina T.V. Military training of schoolchildren in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War on the example of the Ryazan region
 159
Zhao Boya Defense Special Conference and transportation management during the World War I — Based on the minutes of the Defense Special Conferenc
 164
Eshmatova G.B. The highest official of a subject of the Russian Federation in the system of executive authorities (using the example of the Altai Republic)
 175
 
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GENERAL HISTORY
  
Grishin Ya.Ya., Alimov B.Kh., Rakhimov K.Kh. Potsdam conference: declaration on liberated Europe (page by page of documents)
 187
Ragimova A.F. The nuclear factor and USA in the strategic partnership between Iran and Russia in the late XX - early XXI centuries
 204
Dovo P.M. Relations between Madagascar and China in transition
 220
Dzezhyts A.D. Formation and evolution of ancient Greek anthropogenic myths
 227
 
Abstracts
 
249
Authors
260
 

  

EDITORIAL BOARD
Deputy. Chief Editor and Project Manager: 
Rybakov S.V., Doctor of historical sciences, professor of the history of Russian Ural Federal University.
 
Mikhailov V.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of National and Federal Relations of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation.
Dolgenko A.N., Doctor of Philology. Head of the Department of Russian and Foreign Languages at the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation.
Kovaleva N.A., Doctor of Philology, Associate Professor. Professor of the Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Institute of Foreign Languages of Nanjing University (PRC).
Nenarokova M.R., Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Institute of Foreign Languages, RUDN University, Leading Researcher, Department of Classical Literature of the West and Comparative Literature. Institute of World Literature RAN. Interpreter/Translator.
Nagornova E.V., PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages at the Institute of Foreign Languages of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Nikashina N.V., PhD in Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Institute of Foreign Languages, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Klimenko D.A., Candidate of Philology, specialist in Italy.
Murashko S.F., Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Russian and Foreign Languages. Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation.
Ternovaya L.O., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor MADI (The Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University).
Ivakin G.A., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Expert. Deputy Director of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education".
Naumova G.R., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Nikonov A.V., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, State Councellor of the 1st class, the Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Nechiporenko V.S., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Ponomarenko B.T., Honoured worker of higher education, Professor of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration.
Letunovsky P.V., Doctor of Political Sciences, Candidate of Historical Sciences, head of the department of Humanitarian, Social and Economic Disciplines of the Russian Federation Armed Forces Army Air Defense Military Academy named after the Marshal of the A.M. Vassilevsky Soviet Union.
Varsonofiev V.V., Candidate of Political Science, Military expert.
Chapkin S.V., Honorary Academician, President of the “Academy of Ecology and Law”.
Boltenkova L.F., Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor.
Ignatov I.S., Candidate of Political Sciences, senior advisor of justice.
Vrajnova M.N., Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Moscow Automobile and Road Construction University (MADI).
Honali Kurbonzoda, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Rector of the «National Institute of professional development and training of educators».
Platonova N.M., Doctor of Historical Sciences. Associate Professor of the Department “Theory and History of State and Law” of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Far Eastern State University of Communications” (Khabarovsk).

 

 

Abstracts
Kosyreva M.S.
Murashko S.F.
Rudakova S.V.
Typological features of neologisms of the coronavirus era
The article is devoted to the analysis of typological features of neologisms (new words and meanings) in the Russian language of the coronavirus era. Based on the study of linguistic and extralinguistic factors in the development of medical terminology in the coronavirus era, an attempt is made to classify neologisms of the coronavirus era. The authors come to the conclusion that the expansion of the lexical and semantic composition occurs mainly due to the possibilities available in the language (rethinking, determinologization, etc.) and to a much lesser extent due to neologisms themselves.
Key words: neologisms, Russian language, medical terminology, coronavirus.
 
Juraeva M.R.
Usmonova M.N.
Theoretical views on sociocultural and communicative-strategic analysis of politeness in Tajik and English speech etiquette
The given article dwells on the multifaceted nature of politeness in speech etiquette by comparatively analyzing Tajik and English, two languages embedded in distinct sociocultural contexts. Politeness, a crucial element in maintaining social cohesion and facilitating communication exhibits considerable cross-cultural variation, shaped by diverse values, linguistic conventions, and communicative norms. The analysis draws upon established theoretical frameworks, including Brown and Levinson's Politeness Theory, Lakoff's Rules of Politeness, Leech's Politeness Principle, and Spencer-Oatey's Rapport Management Theory. These theories provide a foundation for understanding the universal aspects of politeness while acknowledging the significant influence of culturally specific norms. The research reveals that Tajik politeness, influenced by Persian traditions, Islamic values, and Central Asian social hierarchies is characterized by elaborate honorifics, indirect speech, and a strong emphasis on maintaining face and social harmony. Conversely, English politeness often prioritizes directness, individualism, and informality, though contextual variations exist. Thus, the article highlights the importance of understanding these cultural nuances to mitigate misunderstandings and foster effective cross-cultural communication.
Key words: politeness, speech etiquette, comparative analysis, sociocultural contexts, crucial element in maintaining social cohesion, facilitating communication, considerable cross-cultural variation, linguistic conventions, communicative norms, theoretical frameworks.
 
Bogoslovskaya V.R.
Kosyreva M.S.
Lytkina O.I.
Problems of expressing the category of negation in language
The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the implementation of the category of negation in language. In most language systems of the world, negation is the bearer of the corresponding semantics and an indicator of the absence of connections between components in the sentence. However, in the process of functioning in language, this universal can be revealed in different ways. The authors focus on the description of both implicit and explicit ways of expressing negation in language.
Key words: language, thinking, language universals, category of negation.
 
Antipova A.A.
Toponyms of the USA as a historical and cultural memory of Russian sailors and explorers (using the example of the state of California)
This article examines the toponyms of the state of California (USA), which appeared as a result of the activities of Russian sailors and pioneers in America in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Fort Ross fortress was founded in 1812 by an employee of the Russian-American company, I. A. Kuskov, directly on the territory of the modern state of California. The activities of the California colony under I.A. Kuskov were very effective: the supply of hunting and provisions to other colonies, the establishment of diplomatic and trade relations with the indigenous population and the Spanish colonialists. The article provides a historical overview, provides examples of toponymic objects.
Key words: toponymy of the USA, California, Russian sailors and pioneers, Russian America, Fort Ross fortress.
 
Vishnyagova E.P.
Multimodal metaphor in English advertising discourse
The article attempts to analyse and describe the process of formation of complex multimodal/polymodal metaphor integrating two modalities (visual and verbal) in English-language advertising discourse. The main attention is paid to analysing the interaction between verbal and non-verbal components of advertising, which create complex metaphorical images in the recipient's consciousness. The presented study describes the peculiarities of perception of advertising messages and the role of multimodal metaphors in the formation of effective impact on the audience.
Key words: mass communication, social advertising, verbal and non-verbal component, multimodal metaphor, visual image, metonymic paradigm.
 
Zafarova Z.A.
The use of participle "ii" in perfect forms of the verb and their Tajik equivalents
This article emphasizes the importance of Participle II in English, especially in perfect forms. To form the Present Perfect, the auxiliary verb "to have" and Participle II of the main verb are used. It is important that the auxiliary verb "have" gives meaning to the construction, and without it, Participle II does not have a clear meaning. Participle II becomes significant only in combination with "have". In analytical structures, it expresses various temporal meanings. In the Tajik language, there are analogues of the English Participle II in perfect forms. Participle II in perfect forms retains its verbal characteristics and indicates the completion of an action. The auxiliary verb "have" helps to indicate the precedence of an action. In analytical forms, Participle II loses its passive meaning, but retains the meaning of completion.
Key words: verb, participle II, perfect form, perfectivity, passive form, passivity, passive constructions, analytical forms.
 
Mirzabekova A.A.
Abramtseva E.G.
Multimodal approach to teaching English in higher education: the potential of using TED Talks
The article is devoted to an empirical study of the effectiveness of using the multimodal resource TED Talks to improve the level of professional communicative competence of higher education students in learning a foreign language. The study analyzes the impact of TED Talks integration on the development of auditing skills, critical thinking and mastering specialized vocabulary in the context of modern trends in digital literacy and multimodal learning. The results of the experimental study demonstrate the positive impact of TED Talks on these parameters, which is confirmed statistically. Based on the data obtained, recommendations for the adaptation and integration of TED Talks into the educational process were developed.
Key words: multimodal technologies, TED Talks, professional foreign language communicative competence, higher education, digital literacy, English for professional purposes.
 
Perepelitsyna Y.R.
Sedunova N.A.
Demchenko N.A.
Grammatical correctness of professional speech of the ministry of internal affairs officer: morphological and syntactic norms
The article analyzes the grammatical correctness of professional speech of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) of Russia with a focus on morphological and syntactic norms that play a key role in the professional communication of a police officer. It is emphasized that the accuracy and unambiguity of wording in law enforcement agencies is important for the effective transmission of information and the formation of the image of a competent specialist.
Key words: grammatical correctness of speech, professional speech, morphological norms, syntactic norms, legal terminology, professional communication, sentence structure, speech redundancy.
 
Usmonova M.N.
Comparative analysis of means of speech etiquette expressions in English and Tajik (on the example of greetings and farewells)
The given article dwells on the comparative analysis of speech etiquette expressions in English and Tajik on the example of greetings and farewells, these two languages belonging to distinct language families and representing different cultural backgrounds. The article discusses briefly the linguistic means employed to express politeness, formality, and respect in various communicative situations, including greetings, farewells, apologies, requests, and expressions of gratitude. The findings highlight the influence of cultural values, social hierarchies, and power dynamics on the linguistic realization of speech etiquette in both languages. The presented article contributes to the field of cross-cultural pragmatics and provides valuable insights for language learners, translators.
In conclusion, the conducted comparative analysis highlights the significant differences in speech etiquette between English and Tajik, revealing how language reflects and reinforces cultural values and social structures. While both languages share the fundamental human need to express politeness and maintain social harmony, their specific linguistic forms, pragmatic strategies, and underlying motivations differ considerably.
Key words: speech etiquette, speech behavior, notion, comparative analysis, means of expression, different cultural backgrounds, linguistic realization, cultural values, social hierarchies, English and Tajik.
 
Chen Niyu
Genre transformation in the process of digitalization of the international version of “China daily”: a comparative analysis of traditional and new media formats
The article analyzes genre transformation in the international English-language version of the “China Daily” newspaper in the process of digitalization. The study focuses on a comparative analysis of traditional and new media formats, revealing the impact of digitalization on the structure and functions of journalistic genres. The paper examines the role of multimodality as a tool for implementing China's soft power strategy aimed at forming a positive international image and strengthening cultural ties. In conclusion, the advantages and potential risks associated with the widespread use of multimedia formats in journalism are discussed. The results obtained can contribute to understanding the transformation processes in the media industry in the context of globalization and the development of new communication strategies.
Key words: genre transformation, digitalization, multimodality, China Daily, international journalism, media formats, soft power.
 
Ryabova E.L.
Ternovaya L.O.
Handshakes and their historical meaning
The article provides a brief excursion into the history of handshakes not only as a greeting, but also as a reflection of people's understanding of their responsibility for a given word, a decision made, especially significant when it concerns issues of war and peace, in different periods of history. The presence of various approaches to a handshake in politics and business practice is recorded, and a common understanding of a handshake as an expression of personal strength and personal effectiveness is revealed for these areas.
Key words: history, etiquette, greetings, interpersonal relations, international relations, sign language.
 
Ivantsov I.G.
Voinov A.Y.
Borsuk A.A.
Forge of cadres – North Caucasian regional the party school. 1931-1932
The topic of the article is the activities of the North Caucasian Regional Party School (Lenpartuchgorodok, LPUG), based in Gelendzhik, at the turn of 1931-1932. After successful completion of the courses, graduates received a "distribution", which consisted in recommendations to the district committees of the CPSU (b) of the North Caucasus Region on their further "use" at various levels of managerial positions.
Key words: difficulties of the educational process, Soviet-party school, campus, distribution.
 
Zuev A.V.
The imperial society for the promotion of Russian merchant shipping and its activities (1873-1917)
The increasing importance of maritime trade and the need to ensure the country's economic growth required a comprehensive approach to the issue of supporting shipping. On September 25, 1873, Emperor Alexander II approved the charter of the Society for the Promotion of Russian Merchant Shipping. The establishment of the Society was an important step in strengthening Russia's position in the global economic space. Its activities covered a wide range of issues, including scientific research, financial support, and protection of the interests of shipowners. The growing authority of the Society was facilitated by the participation of representatives of the supreme and executive authorities, business circles, public and commercial organizations in its activities. In the autumn of 1917, three months after the Society celebrated the 45th anniversary of its activities for the benefit of the Russian merchant fleet, it ceased to exist. The Society played an important role in the development and formation of the Russian merchant fleet.
Key words: society for the promotion of Russian merchant shipping, volunteer fleet, polytechnic exhibition, trade and industrial congress, all-Russian art and industrial exhibition, merchant fleet, port, maritime education, legislation.
 
Kamardina N.V.
Yanitsky D.V.
Activities of the Kamchatka branch of the Knowledge Society at the formation stage (1949–1953)
Based on previously unpublished archival documents from the State Archive of the Kamchatka Territory, we traced the formation and first stage of existence of the Kamchatka branch of the All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific «Knowledge» (hereinafter – the Union Society "Znanie") in 1949–1953. Local branches of the Society were created in connection with a change in conceptual approaches to uniting the Soviet intelligentsia into a public organization. The article discusses the organizational and methodological problems of the Kamchatka regional branch of the Znanie at the stage of its formation. Archival documents indicate it’s the serious problems – a small number of employees, poorly organized work, and the regional difficulties. It is concluded that the identified problems are typical for all remote territories of the USSR. Despite some success, the task of involving the Kamchatka intelligentsia in society and turning it into a center for the dissemination of scientific knowledge among residents of Kamchatka was not completed at the first stage of activity and the tasks set at this stage were solved later.
Key words: society «Znanie», cultural and educational activities, agitation and propaganda, functions of an educational organization, lecturers.
 
Kirillova A.I.
Development of ethnic consciousness and self-consciousness of the Bystrinsky evens in the 20th century
The problem of ethnic consciousness and self-awareness is one of the least studied among Kamchatka ethnic groups, especially in the evolutionary process during the 20th century. In this article, the author traces the development of ethnic consciousness and self-awareness among the Bystrinsky Evens, one of the closed local groups of ethnic groups in Kamchatka. In the article, the author examines the main stages of the Soviet national policy, the implementation of which determined the formation and development of ethnic consciousness and self-awareness among the Bystrinsky Evens. The author identified the main factors that determined the further development of a positive or negative attitude towards their ethnicity, the influence of general processes on local ones. Particular attention is paid to the Soviet period, since it was this period that caused the most powerful transformations in the lifestyle and ethnic self-awareness of the studied ethnic community.
Key words: Kamchatka, indigenous peoples of Kamchatka, Kamchatka research, Bystrinsky Evens, Kamchatka Evens, ethnic consciousness, ethnic self-awareness.
 
Kun Weizhan
Key points of self-identification in mixed Russian-Chinese families
This article examines the self-identifications of four generations in a family living in Abakan. The example includes a grandmother, parents, Russian Chinese, and the younger generation. The article describes the main aspects of self-identification in mixed Russian-Chinese families and the importance of oral history for family archives. The article presents the life of each family member in question separately. It is argued that representatives of the generation of Chinese who were educated in Russia and married to Russian women consider themselves Chinese, but do not see any difference between themselves and Russians; The younger generation of the family, born and raised in Russia, has a vague idea of China: one girl thinks she is “cool”: dark hair and eyes with Chinese and Russian traditions, and the other thinks she is Chinese, but knows nothing about China. This article presents that family history is a reflector of time, and a mixed Chinese-Russian family is a prism reflecting elements from different sides. Four generations of the Li family give different answers to the question “Who am I?” The article conveys what signs of a Russian-Chinese family are considered positive. The connection of Russian-Chinese families with previous generations is reflected. The main sign reflecting the connection between generations is conveyed. A model family in China was considered to be one in which there were at least three generations. Power in the family was passed on to men by seniority (from father to son, and so on). This is very similar to a Russian family, where power in the family is also passed on from man to man by seniority.
Key words: mixed families, self-identification, family, generation, Russian Chinese.
 
Orlov E.I.
The Norfolk rebellion of 1549
The article examines Robert Kett's Rebellion in Norfolk in 1549, which arose from the social discontent of the peasantry associated with the enclosure of common lands. The study explores the causes and consequences of this significant event within the context of the social and economic transformations in 16th-century England. The author analyzes the role of the peasants in the protests, investigates the nature of their demands, and assesses the rebellion's impact on society and the economy. Special attention is given to Robert Kett's leadership and his efforts to organize popular resistance. In conclusion, the author reflects on the rebellion's significance for the development of social justice during the early capitalist era.
Key words: 1549, rebellion, landowners' authority, peasantry, Kett, London, organized movement, social discontent.
 
Perelygin A.Yu.
On the development of science and it’s role for fire fighting in the Enisey province from the end of 19th till beginning of 20th century
The article examines the development of fire science in the Russian Empire during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It describes the first fire prevention measures in Russian history and highlights the most outstanding works of scientists aimed at improving firefighting methods and ensuring human safety during fires. Through historical analysis, the author concludes that despite revolutionary breakthroughs in fire suppression, their results were not actively implemented in the operations of fire service institutions in the Yenisei Province. The application of fire research findings was not prioritized due to unresolved fundamental issues in organizing fire service activities in settlements and public facilities.
Key words: history of fire protection, firefighting science, Yenisei province.
 
Ryndina T.V.
Military training of schoolchildren in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War on the example of the Ryazan region
Wartime made its own adjustments to the system of public education of the USSR. The author in her article considers how military training appeared, what difficulties schools had with its introduction. In the schools of the region, military classrooms began to appear, which should be equipped with everything necessary, sports grounds should appear in the near future near each school in the district. Schools had military plans according to which they had to act.
Key words: military training, the Great Patriotic War, secondary school, military instructors, summer military camps, tactical exercises, practical classes, pre-conscription training, the system of public education of the USSR, school principals, sports grounds.
 
Zhao Boya
Defense Special Conference and transportation management during the World War I — Based on the minutes of the Defense Special Conference
During the World War I, Russia experienced insufficient transportation capacity for railways, waterways, and roads, characterized by low network density, inadequate military routes, lack of planning and coordination, and improper road planning. After the establishment of the Defense Special Conference, efforts were made to find solutions, coordinating various parties to take measures to improve transportation efficiency, plan and upgrade facilities, and expand locomotives, addressing the transportation challenges. These rectification measures once improved Russia's transportation situation, leading to an increase in railway cargo volume and the capacity of rear-area railways.
Key words: World War I, defense special conference, transportation, meeting minutes.
 
Eshmatova G.B.
The highest official of a subject of the Russian Federation in the system of executive authorities (using the example of the Altai Republic)
The article deals with the formation and development of the institution of the highest official in the system of executive power bodies on the example of the Republic of Altai. It analyzes the legal position of the highest official and the status of the highest executive body. It is noted that the peculiarity of the organization of the system of executive power in the region is that the top official simultaneously holds the public position of the head of the supreme executive body, organizationally being a part of it – combining this position with the position of the chairman of the government. Using different types of sources, the author presented materials on the leaders of the Altai Republic, who exercised the powers of the highest executive official in the period from 1991–2019.
Key words: State power, executive power, executive authorities, subjects of the Russian Federation, the highest official of the subject of the Russian Federation, the Head of the Republic of Altai, Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Altai, elections.
 
Grishin Ya.Ya.
Alimov B.Kh.
Rakhimov K.Kh.
Potsdam conference: declaration on liberated Europe (page by page of documents)
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the Potsdam Conference of the leaders of the three allied powers – the USSR, the USA and Great Britain (July 17 – August 2, 1945). Important decisions on the world order after the war with Nazi Germany were discussed and made there. However, the path to this was thorny. This was primarily due to the events that took place in the USA. F. Roosevelt died unexpectedly. His place was taken by Vice President G. Truman, which changed the balance of power in the American administration and affected Soviet-American relations. The far-right anti-Soviet forces gained the upper hand, and the new president became their spokesman. At one of the first meetings, he stated that he intended to be firm in his relations with the Soviet Union. This was a precursor to the "new course", a hard line towards the latter, which began to be felt everywhere. The devaluation of the ideas and principles that had developed over the years of the anti-Hitler coalition began. Nevertheless, in the current conditions, it was necessary to solve the emerging problems related to the policy towards Germany, as well as the satellite countries of the Reich, with the end of the war with Japan, the post-war structure, etc.
The solution to these problems could only be found at the negotiating table, during which a sharp and persistent struggle was to take place. An agreement was reached on another summit. It was held in Berlin, or more precisely, its environs in Potsdam, in the Zitziliengof Palace. It opened on July 17. Many complex issues had to be resolved at it, including the implementation of the Declaration on Liberated Europe adopted in Yalta.
This will be discussed in the proposed article, which is based on the documents of the Crimean and Potsdam conferences, which testified to changes in the US course towards the USSR for the worse, and to the self-confidence of the Americans in establishing a post-war world order according to their scenario.
Key words: history of international relations, Potsdam, liberated Europe, Declaration, Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill, Truman, Attlee.
 
Ragimova A.F.
The nuclear factor and USA in the strategic partnership between Iran and Russia in the late XX - early XXI centuries
The article examines the relations between Iran and Russia in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The authors conclude that the Iranian-Russian partnership is strategic. During the first decades of the 21st century, Russia demonstrated a clear desire to limit the influence of the United States on its relations with Iran. The so-called “nuclear factor” will probably be ignored by Russia and Iran in the future when building relations between these countries.
Key words: Russia, Iran, strategic partnership, nuclear weapons, peaceful nuclear program, international sanctions.
 
Dovo P.M.
Relations between Madagascar and China in transition
This article analyzes China's diplomatic presence and its relations with Madagascar after the fall of Marc Ravalomanana's regime in 2009. It highlights the delicate balance between China's policy of non-interference and the need to maintain its economic interests in the region. China avoids direct commentary on Madagascar's internal politics and refrains from participating in official events of the HAT transitional regime, allowing it to avoid criticism from the international community. Despite overlooking key events such as the proclamation of the Fourth Republic, China continues to support bilateral cooperation in technical and humanitarian spheres. However, since the beginning of the crisis, China has become more cautious in its commitments and has declined certain requests from Malagasy authorities. The article also discusses projects such as the Wisco contract and emphasizes China's desire to distance itself from Madagascar's political situation. Overall, China's policy demonstrates an effort to safeguard economic interests while avoiding political involvement, creating a complex dynamic in the relationship between the two countries.
Key words: Chinese diplomatic presence, Madagascar, Marc Ravalomanana regime, Non-interference policy, Economic interests, Transitional HAT regime, International community, Bilateral cooperation, Humanitarian projects, Technical programs, Hybrid rice, Chinese investment, Wisco contract, Political engagement, Pragmatic approach, Political instability.
 
Dzezhyts A.D.
Formation and evolution of ancient Greek anthropogenic myths
The article is devoted to the problem of the formation and development of ancient Greek anthropogenic myths – myths about the origin including the creation of human. They are poorly represented in the sources, therefore, they are subject to special reconstruction. During the study all information from ancient Greek authors concerning the issue of anthropogenic myths as well as secondary sources referring to Greek myths were considered: ancient Roman poetry and sources of a philosophical and religious nature. Important for the study was the study of the conceptual development of the concept of "soul" due to its special status in defining man. The anthropogenic views considered in the article subsequently formed the basis of a special Greek doctrine of the essence of man. The concepts of dualism of body and soul, immortality, metempsychosis, the concept of guilt and "sin" are associated with it, all them have a key influence on subsequent European religious and philosophical thought.
Key words: Ancient Greek religion, anthropogenic myths, creation of man, soul, immortality, metempsychosis, sin, guilt.
 
 
 
Authors
Abramtseva E.G., Plekhanov Russian University of Economics.
Alimov B.Kh., PhD in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Kazan Federal University.
Antipova A.A., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor. Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Bogoslovskaya V.R., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor. Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation.
Borsuk A.A., Candidate of Technical Sciences. Federal State-owned military educational institution of Higher Education "Krasnodar Higher Military School named after Army General S.M. Shtemenko", Krasnodar.
Chen Niyu, PhD student. Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia.
Demchenko N.A., Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor. North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol.
Dovo P.M., Phd student. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Dzezhyts A.D., Belarusian State University.
Eshmatova G.B., Candidate of Political Sciences, Senior Researcher. Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Altai Republic "S.S. Surazakov Research Institute of Altaic Studies".
Grishin Ya.Ya., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor. Kazan Federal University.
Ivantsov I.G., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Federal State-owned military educational institution of Higher Education "Krasnodar Higher Military School named after Army General S.M. Shtemenko", Krasnodar.
Juraeva M.R., Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Stylistics and Literary Editing, Faculty of Journalism, Tajik National University (Tаjikistаn Republic, Dushanbe).
Kamardina N.V., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Vitus Bering Kamchatka State University, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. SPIN code: 9612-0916
Kirillova A.I., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Kamchatka State University, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Kosyreva M.S., Doctor of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor. Order of Zhukov Novosibirsk Military National Guard Troops Institute.
Kun Weizhan, Postgraduate student, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk.
Lytkina O.I., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor. A.Ya. Sukharev Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation.
Mirzabekova A.A., Plekhanov Russian University of Economics.
Murashko S.F., Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor. Sukharev Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee.
Orlov E.I., Master's student, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk.
Perelygin A.Yu., Lecturer at the Department of Fire Tactics and Emergency Rescue Operations, Siberian Fire and Rescue Academy of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia.
Perepelitsyna Y.R., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Lecturer of the Department. Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol.
Ragimova A.F., PhD in History, Associate Professor. Moscow City University.
Rakhimov K.Kh., PhD in Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Senior Researcher, Center for Central Asian Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Rudakova S.V., Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Docent. Associate Professor of the Department of Russian and Foreign Languages, Sukharev Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee.
Ryabova E.L., Doctor of Political Sciences, Editor-in-Chief of the journal "Ethnosociety and Interethnic Culture".
Ryndina T.V., Department assistant, history teacher. Ryazan State University. Ryazan.
Sedunova N.A., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor. North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol.
Ternovaya L.O., Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Moscow Automobile and Highway State Technical University.
Vishnyagova E.P., Postgraduate student of the Department of Linguistics and Translation Studies, Surgut State University.
Voinov A.Y., Candidate of Military Sciences, Associate Professor. Federal State-owned military educational institution of Higher Education "Krasnodar Higher Military School named after Army General S.M. Shtemenko", Krasnodar.
Usmonova M.N., Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Translation and English Grammar, Faculty of Foreign languages, SEI “Khujаnd Stаte University nаmed аfter аcаdemiciаn Bobojon Gаfurоv” (Tаjikistаn Republic, Khujаnd).
Yanitsky D.V., Student. Vitus Bering Kamchatka State University, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Zafarova Z.A., PhD student. Khujand State University named after academician B. Gafurov.
Zhao Boya, Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Zuev A.V., Candidate of historical sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor the of private law departments, Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping.